✅ **What it is**:
The **Mishnah** is the **first written collection of oral laws (halakhot)** passed down by the Pharisaic rabbis. It was **compiled by Rabbi Yehudah HaNasi** around **200 AD**.

✅ **Why it matters**:
It **shifted authority away from the written Torah** (like the Paleo-Hebrew or Aramaic Scriptures) and replaced it with **rabbinic interpretations and legal traditions**.

✅ **Structure**:

* Divided into **6 orders** (Sedarim), each dealing with different aspects of Jewish life
* Includes laws on agriculture, festivals, marriage, civil law, temple rituals, and purity

❌ **What changed**:

* Torah obedience became **Talmudic obedience**
* Created a new authority class of **rabbis**, interpreting laws without prophets or the voice of Yhwh
* Later used as the foundation for the **Babylonian and Jerusalem Talmuds**

⚠️ **Key Problem**:
This was **not commanded by Yhwh**.
It replaced the prophetic voice with **human rulings**—and became **a fence around the Torah** that often contradicted it.

🕯️ **Trusted Sources**: The Mishnah is **not** found in:

* Paleo-Hebrew Bible
* Aramaic Scriptures (Ezra, Daniel)
* Early Square Script (no vowels)
* Dead Sea Scrolls

🔎 **Conclusion**:
The **Mishnah (200 AD)** marks the **beginning of Rabbinic Judaism**—not Hebrew covenant faith. It introduced **legalism without prophetic guidance**, and paved the way for **Talmudic tradition** that often opposes the written Torah of Yhwh.